Karol G. Kowalski | West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4061-7606
Quadrilateral tessellation for glass building envelopes in free-form parametric modeling to enhance geometry and digital workflows.

Architects, having at their disposal digital parametric modeling tools based on NURBS, can easily create three-dimensional parametric models with variable, complex geometry. The article presents a study of objects whose conceptual limitation is most often single-layer glass coverings on which rectangular or quadrilateral tessellations are performed. The aspect of new methods for developing optimized geometry for free-form shapes is being considered, but also with regard to construction efficiency and the use of simple CNC fabrication means.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.B-01
Keywords: digital workflows, free-form, parametric design, tessellation.

Elżbieta Rdzawska-Augustin, Jakub Sitek | Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Architecture, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8829-6173 https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4774-1124
Contemporary lusatian house as a result of research into historical buildings in the Upper Lusatian region.

In this article, the authors will attempt to answer the question: how to design in the countryside in relation to the existing historical and cultural context? The aim of the article is to present the results of research that has been used to conceptualise the contemporary Lusatian house. Contemporary Upper Lusatian housing does not always fit into the cultural context of the region. Single-family houses do not relate to the existing historic architectural heritage (e.g. in terms of the materials used, technology, mass or shape of the building) or, on the contrary, are literal reconstructions of historic post supported buildings, which is not in line with the art of conservation (Venice Charter). An analysis of the selected buildings according to specific criteria was carried out and based on this, guidelines for the project were drawn up. The result of the described case study is the presentation of a contemporary design solution for Lusatian architecture on the Polish-Czech-German border triangle, which is likely to be realised.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.B-02
Keywords: vernacular architecture, regional architecture, Lusatian houses.

Elżbieta Rdzawska-Augustin, Jakub Sitek | Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Architecture, Poland

Maria Jankowska | Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-9055
The letter as a form in public space. The case of the teatr kameralny façade in Bydgoszcz.

A modular stainless-steel spatial installation, located on the south-western façade of the Kameralny Theatre in Bydgoszcz, has been analyzed by the designer as an example of a small-scale artistic form integrated with architecture. The article constitutes an authorial case study conducted two years after the project’s completion, enriched with a design analysis and a survey of pedestrian perception. The study included on-site observation and a perception survey (N = 128), aimed at assessing: (1) the visual reception of the installation, (2) its impact on the identity of the place, and (3) its integration within the spatial context. The form of the installation, inspired by the surface of the nearby Brda River and the symmetry of the letters “T” and “K,” refers to issues of integrating the natural environment, urban planning, and public art.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.B-03
Keywords: architecture, letterforms, public art, site-specific installation, spatial identity, urban space, visual perception.

Rafał Strojny | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Lublin University of Technology

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-9152
A hospital with a shelter resilient to climate and war risks – an experimental approach.

The effects of climate change and warfare are significant threats facing modern communities. As part of the critical infrastructure, hospitals should be at the forefront of preparing for different types of crises, as they are responsible for protecting health and life. The aim of this research was to identify the most important contemporary risks posed by climate change and to formulate general design guidelines for new healthcare facilities. As a result, a conceptual model of a hospital with a shelter was developed, which can function under extreme weather events and military action thanks to appropriate architectural, structural and modular solutions.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.B-04
Keywords: healthcare architecture, natural disasters, shelter, crisis-proof hospital, war, climate adaptation.

Evgen Ianovytskii | Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Department of Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6623-6102
Proposals for the standardization housing and multifunctional complexes for rental in Ukraine.

This article proposes amendments to Ukraine’s regulatory framework to introduce rental housing as a new typological unit. Historically, it revives the “income house,” common in Europe in the late 19th–early 20th centuries. Today, the housing deficit, intensified by war, has displaced millions and created urgent demand for safe, quickly built dwellings. Housing is a basic human need: beyond physical safety, it ensures psychological stability and supports social well-being. Yet Ukraine’s regulations do not classify rental housing; NK 018:2023 omits it, and current categories only recognize dormitories. Defining rental housing is thus an essential, socially significant step.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.B-05
Keywords: Construction, Demography, Displacement, Regulation, Rental housing, Safety, Standardization.

Tomasz Bielański | Szkoła doktorska (kulturoznawstwo) Ignatianum University in Cracow, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0735-7577
Monuments in the structure of the city, as exemplified by the works of Marian Konieczny.

Propaganda sculpture located in public space is a multi-level social problem. Due to its connotations with communist ideology, it is subject to the decommunization act, and on the other hand, it often has extraordinary artistic values, representative of a bygone era. Such an example of interesting monumental solutions is the work of Marian Konieczny. The work of this artist eludes unambiguous assessment. The greatest controversy is aroused by his propaganda monuments located in the space of cities. However, increasingly often one can also observe tendencies to reinterpret these objects and the need to preserve them as cultural heritage.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.C-01
Keywords: city space, cultural heritage, monument, socialist realism.

Jan Kocieniewski, Paweł Ozimek, Miłosz Zieliński | Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0534-993X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-6000 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-3088
The essence of the concept of “Landscape” in the context of the need for its objective assessment.

The authors argue that the existence of a landscape depends on visual connections or the space of visual connections. The article traces the etymology of the term "landscape" and its status in scientific approaches. Selected aspects related to the genesis of landscape perception as well as the role of the landscape architect are addressed. A working definition of landscape is formulated, incorporating the concept of visual connection. The article concludes that it is appropriate to precede questions about the value or content of a landscape with inquiries regarding the conditions under which this phenomenon occurs and when it is most intense.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.D-01
Keywords: landscape architecture, view, visual connection, space of visual connections, objectivity.

Anna Staniewska, Anna Maj | Politechnika Krakowska, Wydział Architektury, Katedra Architektury Krajobrazu, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-8025 https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6421-2133
Sustainable university campus design guidelines – towards future-oriented landscapes.

Universities around the world are taking steps to balance their activities in order to reduce the negative impact of their activities on the environment. Sustainable landscape design of university campuses is a current design and management challenge. Based on the strategies and action plans of foreign universities, the article formulates the most important guidelines for environmentally conscious landscape design and biodiversity enhancement of university campuses in Poland by grouping them into four areas of ecosystem services. It is noted that more regulatory and supportive measures should be introduced, and new aspects are emerging in the area of cultural services.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.D-02
Keywords: words: biodiversity, learning landscapes, sustainable universities, university campus.

Jan Kurek | Professor emeritus of the Cracow University of Technology, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-5312
Learning, practice, and active recreation in the work of the student research group at the krakow school of architecture.

Almost always, students at various universities have participated in the research work conducted by their academic and teaching supervisors. This cooperation often allows for the implementation of low-budget research projects, while stimulating the more thorough and faster development of their participants, both cognitively and in terms of culture and character. An example of this is the nearly 70-year history of the Student Research Group of Construction, operating at the Faculty of Architecture of the Krakow University of Technology. From the very beginning, the Group has supported research on wooden architecture, especially in the sphere of Polish-Ukrainian cultural heritage (sacred architecture and rural and small-town constructions).

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.E-01
Keywords: architecture, research, construction, wood, Student Research Group.

Jerzy Silberring | Professor Emeritus of the AGH University, Cracow, Poland

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-8362
Painted architecture; Vincent Van Gogh in Brzózki.

Painted architecture is a term used to describe buildings and structures that have been deliberately covered with paint in an artistic, decorative, or symbolic manner. Not only this type of architecture serves a functional purpose but also becomes a medium for aesthetic, religious, social, or cultural expression. Such spaces attract tourists, photographers, and street art enthusiasts, and they often reflect the history, cultural identity, and spirit of the local community. One can also observe an evolution in how the local community perceives and reacts to the space transformed by art. This article describes houses in the village of Brzózki, located near Bydgoszcz that have been painted in the style of Vincent van Gogh. Moreover, the impact of such cultural activities on the attitudes of inhabitants is discussed.

DOI: 10.21005/pif.2025.63.E-02
Keywords: architecture, Brzózki village, local community, paintings, van Gogh.